通常, 大体上说 运动促进大脑的功能，因此，通常情况下，经常参加体育锻炼的学生学习成绩好。 Exercise stimulates the brain, so in general, students who take regular exercise achieve better results in their studies. 4. 多达(百分之八十)······, 上至······up to (80 percent) … (L. 15) 这位影星受到她的国家里每个人的喜欢,上至总统,下到扫地的男孩。 This film star finds favor with everyone

Unit Seven Section A Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life Teaching objective: to teach the students how to use some new words and phrases, typical sentence structures out of the text; to practice the students’ skill of translating and summarizing; and to get the students know how to relieve their stress in study and life. Questions for discussion 1. Do you often experience stress in your study or everyday life? 2. How do you get rid of it? Teaching process: Step One: Warm up activity Background information: Benjamin (Ben) Franklin, a very famous American of the 1700’s best known for his experiments with electricity and nature using kites. Step Two: Text analysis 1. Central topic: Centering around how to lighten your load and save your life, the passage analyzes the root of stress and provides the ways of reducing stress according to the study of Dr. Robert S. Eliot of Nebraska University. Part I (Paras.1-7): The relation between stress and health discovered by Dr. Robert S. Eliot. Part II (Paras. 8-11): The root of stress. Part III (Paras. 12-20): The ways of lightening the load. 2. Major writing techniques 1) Quotation 2) Exemplification 3) Cause and effect Step Three Words and Phrases 1. be overwhelmed with / by; overwhelming / irresistible / overpowering / devastating 2. out of control: beyond control / under control 3. among other things: to name a few She’s very keen on sports: among other things, she plays tennis once a week. 4. excess: extra / additional; excessive: too much; exceed / surpass / excel / top excess: amount that is more than necessary Inflation results from an excess of demand over supply. excessive / exceed / access excel ( excellent ) / surpass / exceed / in excess of 超过, 多于/ access To excel in something is to be very good at it. People excel in different things. In international competitions, the Chinese excel in (at) table-tennis and badminton. surpass vt 越过，超过;凌驾 The task surpassed his skill. The cost will not exceed $50. 费用不会超过50美元。 The results of the competition exceeded our expectations. 比赛的结果比我们预料的好。 5. 1) attribute to = owe … to 归因于，认为是……的结果 The heavy snow attributed the delay of our school bus this morning. 因下雪而耽搁 David attributed his company's success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. 大卫说他们公司之所以获得成功是由于全体员工的团结和坚持不懈努力工作的结果。 2) contribute vt. 贡献出; 投(稿); 捐赠(款项等) contribute to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐献 contribute to a literary journal 向文学杂志投稿 Drink contributed to his ruin. 酗酒促使他毁灭。 They contributed food and clothing for the refugees. 他们向难民捐赠食品和

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 4答案 Unit 4

New Horizon College English (Book 2) Unit 6 Contents Section A As His Name Is, So Is He! Section B Judge by Appearances Section C The Pain in Wearing High Heels Objectives Students will be able to: 1. have a better understanding of the influence of names on people; 2. master the key language points grammatical structures in the text; 3. develop their ability in expressing their ideas in both spoken and written form; 4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. Section A As His Name Is, So Is He! I. Background Information II. Warm-Up Activities III. Understanding the Text IV. Words and Expressions V. Speaking Activities Homework I. Background Information 1.About names: For this reading passage, we have many proper names, which contain cultural background. The following websites might offer you a lot of information you may be interested in. 2. The Bible: II. Warm-Up Activities 1). Is there any story about your name? Tell us the story. 2). Why are people so careful when giving a baby a name? 3). What do you know about these people from their names? Survey findings: •Susan: The most attractive female name •Richard: Most attractive •David: Most attractive •Harry: Sound dull III. Understanding the Text 1. Questions for Discussion Work in groups and answer the following questions according to the passage. 1) Did Debbie like her former name? Why? Or why not? 2) According to Debbie, what difference did it make when she substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first Debbie? 3) What did the writer think of Debbie’s name change? 4) According to the writer, why did one prominent magazine consistently refuse to print “Joe” in his byline? 5) In para5, why was the woman ill at ease? 6) Why did the writer say that we were all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent? 7) How can name-based prejudices affect classroom achievement? 8) According to the writer, what can you do if your name doesn’t seem to fit you? 2. Text Structure Analysis Central topic: The influence of names on people Main ideas of each paragraph Para. 1: Debbie does not feel good about her name. Para. 2: Her change of name helped bring success to her career. Para. 3: It is important to have the right name because it suggests certain qualities. Para. 4: Names are attached to specific images. Para. 5: Names with a positive sense can work for people, even encourage new acquaintances. Para. 6: People are sometimes guilty of name stereotyping in relation to names. Para. 7: Prejudices against or in favor of certain names can affect students’ classroom achievements, objectively graded IQ and popularity with their peers. Para. 8: If you think your name does not suit you, you can change your old name. IV. Words & Expressions ation n. Free information will be sent out an application to the office. Students learned the practical application of the theory. ate. He is not a friend but an associate. 他是同事，而不是朋友。 They were closely associated during the war. 战争期间他们的关系很密切。 e n. A few drinks broke through his reserve. 几杯酒下肚他就打开了话匣子。 the gold reserve 黄金储备 y. Tom is well qualified for the job. 汤姆很有资格做这份工作。 refine one’s language 使某人的语言更为文雅 Oil is industrially refined. 燃料油是经工业提炼而成的。 ntance n. He has a wide circle of acquaintances. 他交际甚广。 He has some little acquaintance with the Japanese language. 他略懂一些日语。 type The police have been criticized for having stereotyped images of black people. 有人批评警方对黑人有

想想！” 我在厨房里救不了里奇，后来在餐桌上我也救不了他。 他买了瓶法国葡萄酒，并不知道我父母不喜欢这玩意儿， 我父母甚至连像样的红酒杯也没有。 接着他又犯了个错误：他喝了不是一杯，而是满满两大毛玻璃杯的葡萄酒，而其他人的杯子里都只有半英寸高的酒，大家只是“尝尝而已”。 最糟糕的是他批评了我妈妈的烹饪手艺，而他竟然没意识到自己做了什么。 我妈妈总是要对她自己的烹饪发表一些评论，说一些自己的菜烧得不好之类的话，这是中国厨师的习惯。 那晚她原打算说说自己的拿手菜——梅干菜蒸肉，上这个菜时她总是特别得意。 “唉，这个菜不够咸，没味道，”尝了一小口后，她抱怨道。“太难吃了。” 这新视野大学英语句话在我们家意味着让大家来尝一点，并且还要说这道菜是妈妈做得最好的一次。 但是我们还没能来得及说一些这样圆滑得体的话，里奇就说：“嗯，这菜只需要加一点点酱油。” 接着他无视我母亲惊诧的眼光，把许多咸乎乎、黑溜溜的东西倒进了瓷盘里。 虽然吃饭时，我一直希望我妈妈能从某种角度看到里奇的善良、幽默感和魅力，但是我清楚里奇在她的眼里已经是一败涂地了。 很显然，里奇对那晚有完全不同的看法。 那晚我们回到家里，安置肖莎娜上床睡觉后，他谦虚地说：“嗯，我觉得我们相处得很不错。”

度上是我们所预料到的、人所共知的东西：人们以貌取人。 仅仅是外表寒酸就会招来歧视，同时在很多场合，我们大多数人视为理所当然的社交礼仪也不复存在了。 因为我们缺少在文化上可被认同的属于这个环境的标志，在某种程度上，我们就成了物品，缺少了做人所固有的尊严。 然而，还有一件让人感到吃惊的事──更准确地讲，是让人感到震惊的事。 在我先前提到过的那家商店门口，就是有位营业员──见到我们就明显地堵住大门的那家商店，这种令人震惊的事表现得最为突出。 那时我刚注意到这个地方，转向我的同伴，对她说：“我从未见过这家商店。咱们进去吧。” 她居然惊慌地看着我说：“你不是真地想进去吧？” 我知道她的意思，我也理解她的感受。 这不是我们该去的地方。 没过几小时， 我们发觉自己正在接受并适新视野大学英语应着那些我们遇到的人所普遍持有的肤浅看法和偏见；我们也对自己进行了归类。 毫无疑问，这是值得学习的一课，对社会学家来说也许更是如此。 

常有同样的特点： 他们忍受不了懒懒散散， 他们发觉很难抽出时间去度假， 与跟家人和朋友们在一起相比，他们觉得和同事们在一起更舒服自在。 他们把自我价值和成功与拼命工作等同起来。 他们宁可干活，而不愿到别的地方去或做其他事情。 工作狂可能会通过否认和辩护来解释自己的工作习惯。 他们否认自己在工作上花了太多的时间，他们自我辩解说他们的工作是为了家庭，同时对升职也至关重要。 他们也往往认为他们本人及他们的工作对公司来说是不可或缺的，他们超时工作是对公司的一种奉献。 当然他们的奉献、抱负和持久的精力均无可指责， 错的是这些东西是以牺牲他们的健康和新视野大学英语他们家庭幸福的高昂代价才得以实现的。 因为工作狂把一切希望都寄托在一件事上──他们的工作，因此帮助他们的办法是把他们的希望分散到几件事上去。 例如，心理顾问常常可以通过询问他们过去喜欢的、而现在却丢得一干二净的业余爱好来帮助他们。 此类问题往往能促使他们开始更多地恢复他们生活的平衡。 一些心理学专家概括说，为了做一个生理和心理上都健康的人，我们必须过一种平衡的生活。 那些小事情──如阅读推理小说、打排球、花时间和家人及朋友在一起、跟狗一起玩耍、去钓鱼──对实现健康的目的而言，似乎是一些不太起眼的方法， 但它们至少可以和工作一样对你有益。

服用类固醇。除了在谣言中，他从未和使用药物的丑闻联系在一起过。 凭着对运动的持续奉献和对竞技的热爱，刘易斯消除了人们对径赛项目的一些疑虑，阻止了汉城奥运会后民众对奥运会支持下降的颓势。 他以自己的不断努力和对短跑与跳远的诚实参与向世界证明，奥林匹克精神并未消亡。 1992年，刘易斯第三次参加奥运会，并在跳远和4×100米接力赛中获得两枚金牌。他在公众中所受到的欢迎不亚于一位国王受到的礼遇。 令人惊叹的卡尔·刘易斯已经证明自己不同于历史上任何一位运动员。这并不是因为他能获胜，而是因为他能诚实地获胜，他热爱竞争，他能在最长的时间里做出最大的努力。 他对体育竞技的热爱真新视野大学英语正为奥林匹克的卓越设立了新的标准。 

refusal n. 拒绝 conservative a. 保守的，守旧的，传统的 n. 保守的人，保守派 spiritual a. 1.宗教上的 2.心灵的，精神上的 constitute vt. 1.是，构成 2.组成，构成 gross a. 1.明显错误的 2.总的，总共的 applicable a. 适用的，合适的，适当的 voluntary a. 自愿的，志愿的 consent n. 同意，准许 vi. 同意，准许 vivid a. 鲜艳的，鲜明的，生动的，逼真的 reflection n. 1.考虑，深思 2.反射，反照；倒影 3.反映，表达 probable a. 很有可能的，大